数字经济推进我国中小企业价值链攀升的机制与政策研究

Research on the Mechanism and Policy of Digital Economy for Promoting the Upgrading along Global Value Chains of Chinese SMEs

中小企业沿价值链攀升面临高额固定成本和低端锁定风险,亟待将数字经济作为转型升级的新引擎和新动能。本文梳理了数字经济推进中小企业价值链升级的网络连接效应、成本节约效应、价值创造效应和价值链治理效应,刻画了数字经济促进中小企业价值链攀升的动态机制,包括四大阶段,即初始连接阶段、全面发展阶段、层级跃升阶段和高水平参与阶段,最终升级成为掌握技术前沿、成熟实施模块化交易的价值链主导企业。并借鉴美德日等国发展数字经济的先进经验,提出从保障数字连通性、鼓励数字技术元创新、实施竞争法规监管、推进数字政府战略、建立数字安全保护制度和构建互联网治理体系等六大方面发展我国数字经济,推进中小企业价值链攀升的政策建议。

Small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs)are facing high fixed costs and risk of low-end locking when upgrading along the global value chains.Thus,it is urgent to take the digital economy as a new engine and a new momentum for their transformation and upgrading.This paper presents the networking effect,cost saving effect,value creation effect and value chain governance effect of the digital economy in promoting the upgrading of SMEs along global value chains and builds a dynamic mechanism for SMEs to start the value chain upgrading.This mechanism covers four major stages,namely,initial connection,all-round development,leap forward and high-level participation.After these stages,the SMEs finally evolve into a leading enterprise in value chains with cutting-edge technology and mature performance in implementation of modular transactions.With reference to the advanced experiences of USA,Germany and Japan in the development of digital economy,this paper puts forward policy suggestions from the following six aspects to propel the upgrading of SMEs in GVCs under the development of China s digital economy,i.e.,ensuring digital connectivity,encouraging meta-innovation based on digital technology,implementing competition regulations,promoting e-governmental efficiency,establishing a digital security protection system and building an Internet governance system.