政治哲学把握当代中国问题的方式：一种类型学的考察

The Way of Grasping Issues of Contemporary China in Political Philosophy: A Study of Typology

当代中国问题在何种意义上是政治性的,确定这些问题的政治性质有何意义,构成了政治哲学把握当代中国问题的前提。既然是政治哲学的把握方式,就必须保持反思、批判和建构的学科精神。从类型学上梳理当代中国具有政治性质的问题,构成了这种把握方式的事实前提。在此基础之上,将学科精神贯彻到对政治性问题的研究中,要求我们从整体性和具体性上对问题加以分析和论证。在解决问题的道路上,应析分出基础性、根本性和全局性问题的类型来;在致思方式上,应力图实现系统论奠基和生成论奠基的统一、分析与规范的结合;在终极目的上,借助对政治之"是其所是的东西"的揭示,指明社会主义作为一种观念(信仰)、一套制度和一种行动,如何才能最大化地实现终极之善:财富的积累与公平分配、社会自治力的提升以及每个人都有意愿和机会过整体性的好生活。

The precondition for political philosophy to grasp contemporary Chinese issues is to identify the political sense of the Chinese contemporary problems, and clarify the significance of recognizing the political nature of these problems. Since the way of determining these problems is political in nature, we should maintain the discipline spirit of reflection, criticism and construction. To examine the political nature of contemporary Chinese issues from the perspective of typology has become the factual premise of the way of identification.To implement the discipline spirit in political problems on the basis of theoretical premises and facts requires us to analyze and argue these problems in terms of both wholeness and concreteness. The solution to these problems needs to distinguish three types of issues: fundamentality, essentiality and wholeness. In terms of the way of contemplation, we should try to achieve the unity of the system theory groundwork and generation theory groundwork, and the unity of analyticity and normativity. With respect to the ultimate goal, we can point out by virtue of the revelation of "what politics is by itself", that socialism as a conception(faith), a system and a sort of action, can maximize the final Goodness: accumulation and fair distribution of wealth, the improvement of social self-government, and every member of society has a will and opportunity to live a holistic good life.