西伯利亚布鲁斯地下水溢流积冰影响因素分析

Analysis of factors affecting typical groundwater overflow ice accumulation in Siberia Buluus

西伯利亚东部萨哈(雅库特)共和国属于典型的高纬度寒区,是世界地下水溢流积冰的典型地区之一。布鲁斯是位于萨哈(雅库特)共和国汉加拉斯基区东部的地下水溢流积冰现象的代表性区域。采用实地踏勘结合遥感影像和气象数据,分析了该地区溢流积冰现象形成特征,特别是气象、地形地质、水源因素的影响,指出:①地下水是溢流积冰形成的基础,其中充沛的降水和高海拔的湖泊为地下水的补给提供充足的物质基础;②2008—2017年,随着气温升高,多年冻土融化,释放出的水量补给地下水,加之降水量的增加,积冰体的整体规模呈扩张趋势;③布鲁斯山谷的断层带和暴露的含水岩层的存在为溢流积冰的形成提供补给通道与地下水储存空间,是积冰体形成和发育的重要因素。分析结果可为中国地下水溢流积冰相关研究提供参考。

The Republic of Sakha(Yakutia)in eastern Siberia is a typical high latitude cold zone.It is one of the typical areas of the world's groundwater overflow icing.Located in the eastern part of the Khangalassky District in the Republic of Sakha(Yakutia),Buluus is a representative area of groundwater overflow icing accumulation.Based on field survey and remote sensing imagery and meteorological data,the formation characteristics of groundwater overflow and ice accumulation in this area were analyzed,especially the effects of meteorological factors,topographical geological factors and water source factors.Point out:(1)Groundwater is the basis for the formation of ice accretion,in which abundant precipitation and high-altitude lake provide sufficient material basis for groundwater recharge;(2)In 2008—2017,as the temperature rises,the permafrost melts,the amount of water released replenishes the groundwater,and the precipitation increases,and the overall size of the ice accretion body expands;(3)The presence of fault zones and exposed aquifers in the Buluus Valley provides recharge channels and groundwater storage space for the formation of groundwater overflow ice,which is an important factor in the formation and development of ice sheets.The analysis results can provide reference for the research on groundwater overflow ice accumulation in China.