新中国70年开放型经济发展历程、逻辑与趋向研判

The Development Process, Logic and Trend of Open Economy in China from 1949 to 2019

新中国成立70年来,开放型经济发展大致经历了四个阶段:1949~1977年的经济对外开放探索阶段,1978~2000年的从局部开放向全方位开放过渡阶段,2001~2012年的开放型经济体系形成阶段,2013年至今的全面开放新格局形成与深化阶段。未来中国开放型经济发展应坚持如下取向:以习近平总书记关于开放型经济发展的重要论述为指引构建新时代开放型经济新格局;支持深圳建设中国特色社会主义先行示范区持续提升全面开放的广度和深度;进一步深化供给侧结构性改革以提高出口产品的技术附加值,并促使其向全球价值链高附加值环节跃迁;提升经济对外开放宽度和深度以积极应对国际不确定性;以“一带一路”倡议为重要依托,积极参与全球治理体系变革与全球规则制定。

Since the founding of the PRC,the development of open economy has roughly gone through four stages:the exploration stage of economic opening to the outside world from 1949 to 1977,the transition stage from partial opening to all-round opening from 1978 to 2000,the formation stage of open economic system from 2001 to 2012,and the formation and deepening stage of new pattern of all-round opening-up from 2013 to now.The future development of China's open economy should adhere to the following orientation:take general secretary Xi Jinping's important exposition on the development of open economy as the guideline,construct a new pattern of open economy in the new era;support Shenzhen in building the leading area of socialism with Chinese characteristics to continuously enhance the breadth and depth of comprehensive opening-up;further deepen the structural reform of supply side to enhance the technical added value of export products,and promote its transition to high value-added links in the global value chain;enhance the breadth and depth of economic opening to the outside world,and actively respond to international uncertainties;take the Belt and Road initiative as an important support,and actively participate in global governance system reform and global rulemaking.