碳市场建设路径:国际经验及对中国的启示

Carbon Market Construction Path:International Experience and Enlightenment to China

气候问题是全球关注的热点问题,作为负责任的大国,中国积极应对气候变化问题,主动参与并积极建立了全国统一的碳市场。我国碳市场建设虽然取得一定成就,但其建设过程中仍然存在支撑碳市场的顶层设计不足、相关配套政策和法律制度不健全、碳市场信息披露不足、碳市场对CDM(Clean Development Mechanism,清洁发展机制)项目交易依赖大、碳金融市场发展不足等问题。通过分析总结国际主要碳交易市场的建设经验,立足我国国情,针对我国碳交易市场发展中存在的问题,提出完善碳交易市场法律体系和配套管理、完善信息披露和企业监管、深入推进中国碳市场与国际碳市场的合作、推进碳金融发展四条路径促进我国碳市场的发展。

Climate issue is a hot issue of global concern. As a responsible big country, China actively responds to climate change, actively participates in and actively establishes a unified national carbon market. Although China’s carbon market construction has made some achievements, there are still some problems in its construction process, such as insufficient top-level design to support the carbon market, imperfect related supporting policies and legal systems, insufficient disclosure of information in the carbon market, large dependence on CDM project transactions in the carbon market, and insufficient development of the carbon financial market. Based on the analysis and summary of the construction experience of the major international carbon trading markets, and in view of the existing problems in the development of China’s carbon trading market, this paper puts forward four ways to promote China’s carbon market: improving the legal system and supporting management of the carbon trading market, improving information disclosure and enterprise supervision, deepening the cooperation between China’s carbon market and the international carbon market, and promoting the development of carbon finance.