火星车有风热平衡试验环境模拟技术

Thermal environment simulation technology of Mars rover wind thermal balance test

为了保证火星车在火星表面能够正常工作,需要在地面模拟火星表面的有风热环境,包括风速、风向、气体温度、气体成分和压力等,完成火星车在火星表面有风热环境下的热平衡试验。针对火星表面有风热环境特点,开展低压风速模拟、低压风速测量、压力控制、温度控制等研究,利用现有的KM3E真空容器,在其内部增加特殊设计的风扇、导流装置、压力控制系统、气体温度控制系统、火星车姿态调整系统等,使KM3E具备火星表面有风热环境模拟条件。该模拟技术成功应用于火星车有风热平衡试验,充分验证了火星车热控系统设计,为火星车热分析模型提供了重要参考。

To ensure the operation of the Mars rover on the Mars’surface,it is necessary to simulate on the ground the thermal environment with wind on the Mars surface,such as the speed and the direction of the wind,as well as the gas temperature,composition,and the pressure of the gas.The simulation and the measurement are carried out for the low-pressure wind speed,the pressure control,and the temperature control.With the existing KM3E chamber as a basic configuration,we add the specially designed fans,the runners,the pressure control systems,the gas temperature control system,and the attitude adjustment system for the Mars rover sample,for the thermal environment simulation of the Mars surface.The wind thermal balance test of the Mars rover is successfully conducted,and the performance of the Mars thermal control system is verified,to support the modification of the thermal analysis model of the Mars rover.