单烷基醚磷酸酯钾盐对粘胶短纤维油剂性能的影响

Effect of potassium monoalkyl ether phosphate salt on performance of oil agent for viscose staple fiber

以单烷基醚磷酸酯钾盐为抗静电剂,与矿物油和表面活性剂复配制备一种新型粘胶短纤维油剂,考察了单烷基醚磷酸酯钾盐添加量对粘胶短纤维的比电阻(ρ)、表面张力(τ)等性能的影响,并采用扫描电镜表征了粘胶短纤维的表面形貌,测试了不同抗静电剂添加量的油剂的红外光谱。结果表明:添加了单烷基醚磷酸酯钾盐的油剂具有优异的抗静电性能;经油剂质量分数为10%的工作液上油处理,随着油剂中单烷基醚磷酸酯钾盐质量分数从0增加到20%,粘胶短纤维的ρ从69.53×10^6Ω·cm明显下降到3.06×10^6Ω·cm;经油剂质量分数为1%的工作液上油处理,随着油剂中单烷基醚磷酸酯钾盐浓度的增加,粘胶短纤维的τ没有明显变化,均显著低于未经上油处理粘胶短纤维的τ;该油剂具有较低ρ、较小τ,能够满足纤维后处理工序快速上油的需求。

A new type of oil agent for viscose staple fiber was prepared by compounding mineral oil and surfactant with potassium monoalkyl ether phosphate as antistatic agent.The effects of potassium monoalkyl ether phosphate content on the specific resistance(ρ)and surface tension(τ)of viscose staple fiber were investigated.The surface morphology of viscose staple fibers was characterized by scanning electron microscopy.The infrared spectra of oil agent with different antistatic agent content were recorded.The results showed that potassium monoalkyl ether phosphate salt provided the viscose staple fiber with excellent antistatic properties;theρof viscose staple fiber samples exposed to oiling treatment decreased significantly from 69.53×10^6Ω·cm to 3.06×10^6Ω·cm when the mass fraction of potassium monoalkyl ether phosphate salt increased from 0 to 20%in 10%oil agent aqueous solution by mass fraction;the viscose staple fiber exposed to oiling treatment in 1%oil agent aqueous solution by mass fraction acquiredτwithout obvious change with the increase of potassium monoalkyl ether phosphate content,but significantly lower than that of the sample without oil treatment;and this oil agent can meet the fast oiling requirements in the post-treatment process of fibers due to its lowρandτ.