从柏拉图的朴素理性到康德批判理性的进步——以本体论为依据

The Progress from Plato’s Naive Reason to Kant’s Critical Reason

柏拉图作为哲学史上第一位拥有自身哲学理论体系的哲学家,其思想奠定了西方哲学的基本发展形态,后来者们常常用柏拉图的理论进行思辨,从而导出自身的哲学观点,其中又以康德为甚。康德从柏拉图的本体论出发,建立起自己的批判形而上学,其批判哲学与柏拉图的理念论相比,在理论的形成背景与本体论等方面具有诸多不同,但这并不代表康德完全否认柏拉图,二者是从不同的方面诠释自己心中的善,根本目的都是为了道德;而从朴素理性到批判理性,康德确实对柏拉图有所超越。

As the first philosopher in the history of philosophy with his own philosophical theory system,Plato established the basic development form of Western philosophy.Later generations often use Plato's theory to speculate and derive their philosophical views.Kant is the best one.From the ontological theory of Plato,Kant established his own critical metaphysics.Therefore,when we understand Kant,we must first grasp the origin of its philosophical thinking.Compared with Plato's philosophy and Kant's critical philosophy,they have many differences formation background and dissimilarity ontology.But this does not mean that Kant completely denies Plato.Both of them interpret the goodness of their hearts from different aspects.The fundamental purpose is to be moral.But in some opinion,Kant does have something beyond Plato.