单生产商-多客户两级供应链缺货库存行为分析

Analysis of Stock Shortage Behavior in Two-level Supply Chain Composing of Single Manufacturer and Multiple Customers

研究由单一生产商和多个客户构成的两级供应链库存管理系统。假设生产商生产的产品可满足所有客户的产品订货需求,另外假设只有客户存在缺货现象,根据生产商的生产库存水平变化特点和所有客户的订货库存水平变化特点,建立了以平均库存成本为目标函数的供应链库存管理模型,模型包括客户的缺货订货库存管理模型和生产商的生产库存管理模型。在此基础上,提出联合优化方法估计最优订货次数、最优生产时间间隔、客户最优缺货量,保证供应链联合库存成本最小。最后利用算例和敏感性分析法分析相关的单位库存成本参数对最优库存参数的影响以及缺货量对其他最优库存参数和库存成本的影响。

This paper studied a two-level supply chain inventory management system composing of a single manufacturer and multiple customers.Assuming that the products of the manufacturers can meet the product order demands of all customers,and further assuming only the customers may run short of stock,according to the characteristic of the production inventory change characteristics of the manufacturer and the order inventory change characteristics of all the customers,it established a supply chain inventory management model with average inventory cost as the objective function,which included the customer's shortage,order and inventory management model and the manufacturer's production inventory management model.On such basis,it proposed a joint optimization method to estimate the optimal order times,the optimal production interval and the customer's optimal stock shortage to ensure the minimum joint inventory cost of the supply chain.Finally,an example was studied through the sensitivity analysis to determine the impact of related unit inventory cost parameters on the optimal inventory parameters and the impact of stock shortage on other optimal inventory parameters and on the inventory costs.