例析如何在物理探究实验中培养学生的科学探究能力

Examples Analysis on How to Train the Students′ Ability of Scientific Inquiry in Physical Exploratory Experiments

以两个探究实验“对‘不透明物体只反射与它颜色相同的光’的质疑”和“在‘验证最大静摩擦力大于滑动摩擦力实验’中,如何选取连接材料”为案例,学生利用已掌握的知识和技能探究得出科学合理的实验结论.让学生在探究实验中体验科学探究能力培养的具体步骤,即提出明确的科学问题、获取实验数据、得出合理的科学结论、评估其科学意义和与他人进行学术交流.从而更好地为初高中物理实验教学培养学生科学素养提供可行性方案.

In this paper,two exploratory experiments were designed for use in this study.One experiment is the query whether"the opaque object only reflects the light with the same color with itself".The other one is how to select the connecting material in the experiment of"verification of the case that the maximum static friction force is greater than sliding friction force".Through the two experiments,scientific and reasonable experimental conclusions can be made based on the knowledge and skills that the students have mastered.More importantly,the abilities to put forward clear scientific problems,obtain experimental data,make reasonable scientific conclusions,evaluate their scientific significance and communicate with others academically will be the emphasis of scientific inquiry activities.In this way,one possible method can be provided for the training of students'scientific literacy in junior and senior high school physics experiment teaching.