独角兽企业：现状、特征及发展对策

独角兽企业的不断涌现,往往预示着新技术的形成和新经济的到来,它势必对原创性新兴产业的快速兴起、传统产业的颠覆式变革以及企业未来发展模式等产生重大的影响。综观中国学术界在此领域的研究现状,其研究进程严重滞后。本文在对独角兽企业概念、标准、特点等综述的基础上,系统分析了全球独角兽企业的三大基本特征,重点总结了中国独角兽企业的四大特征:数量和规模呈快速上升态势、聚焦于科技行业且技术驱动型企业增多、空间分布扩散和集聚加剧同时并存以及其诞生和发展有着独特的规律。最后,从营造创新创业生态、出台针对性政策以及重点发展科技型独角兽企业三个方面提出了发展中国独角兽企业的政策建议。

The constant emergence of unicorn enterprises indicates the arrival of new technology and new economy,which will be bound to have a significant effect on the rapid rise of the original emerging industries,the overturning of the traditional industries and the future development model of enterprises.Reviewing the present research situation in this field in our country,there is still a serious lack of relevant research and research results.On the basis of the concept,standard and characteristics of unicorn enterprises,the three basic characteristics of the global unicorn enterprises are summarized systematically,and the four characteristics of the unicorn enterprises in China are mainly analyzed:the number and scale are increasing;the technology-driven enterprises focusing on the science and technology industries are increasing;the space distribution is further expanded and intensified;and the birth and growth have its own law.In the end,some policy suggestions for developing Chinese unicorn enterprises are put forward from three aspects,such as creating innovation and entrepreneurship ecology,providing the targeted policies and mainly developing the scientific and technological unicorn enterprises.