维吾尔族结核病患者结核病防治核心信息知晓情况及影响因素分析

Analysis of Status and Influencing Factors of Core Information of Tuberculosis Prevention and Treatment among Tuberculosis Patients in Uygur

目的了解维吾尔族结核病患者结核病防治核心信息知晓情况及主要影响因素,为扎实有效地开展相关健康宣教工作提供参考依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法,于2017年5-6月对阿克苏地区住院维吾尔族结核病患者进行面对面询问式调查。结果469例住院维吾尔族结核病患者结核病防治核心信息总知晓率为58.59%,单一核心信息的知晓率中以第1条核心信息"肺结核是一种严重危害人类健康的慢性呼吸道传染病"的知晓率最高为73.13%,第4条"在县(区)级结核病防治机构接受检查和治疗肺结核可享受国家免费政策"的知晓率最低为47.55%,5条核心信息全部知晓率为25.16%。不同性别、年龄、学历、职业、户籍类型及治疗状态的患者在结核病防治核心信息知晓率方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,20~40岁年龄段(OR=3.284,95%CI=1.126~4.178)、教师(OR=0.863,95%CI=0.747~0.997)及城镇户籍(OR=1.807,95%CI=1.014~3.221)是影响患者知晓率的主要因素。结论维吾尔族结核病住院患者结核病防治核心信息总知晓率较低,应根据不同特征人群的特点,开展相应的宣传教育活动,重点对老年人、学历较低的农民强化宣教,不断提升结核病防治水平。

Objective To understand the awareness of the core information of tuberculosis prevention and control and its influencing factors among TB patients in Uighur,and then provide the reference basis to carry out health education efficiently.Methods Using convenient sampling method,Uighur TB patients hospitalized in Aksu region were investigated face-to-face by questionnaire from May to June 2017.Results A total of 469 Uighur TB patients were investigated.The whole awareness rate of TB prevention and control core information was 58.59%,in which the rate of knowing "tuberculosis is a chronic respiratory infectious diseases which cause serious damage to the human health" was 73.13%;the rate of knowing "in the county(district)level TB prevention and control institutions for inspection and treatment of tuberculosis can enjoy the free state policy" was 47.55%;the rate of knowing all five core information was 25.16%.The rate difference of awareness of core information were statistical significance between different gender,age,education,occupation,residence type and status of patients treated(P<0.05).The multi-factor Logistic regression analysis results showed that 20 to 40 years of age(OR=3.284,95%CI=1.126 ~ 4.178),the teachers(OR=0.863,95%CI=0.747 ~0.997)and the urban household registration(OR=1.807,95%CI=1.014~3.221)were the main factors influencing the patients’ awareness.Conclusion The core information awareness rate of TB prevention and control is low among Uighur hospitalized patients with tuberculosis.To continuously enhancing the level of TB control,education should be carried out according to the different characteristics of the population,especially focus on the elderly,lower degree of farmers.