一种新型磷系阻燃剂的合成及应用

Synthesis and Application of a New Type of Phosphorous Flame Retardant

以单体亚磷酸二甲酯为酸源、甲醇钠为催化剂、丙烯酰胺为气源、尿素为炭源合成磷系阻燃剂,探究单体的摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间对阻燃剂性能的影响;以剩炭率和膨胀高度为评价指标,研究其阻燃性能。结果表明,丙烯酰胺与亚磷酸二甲酯的摩尔比为1∶0.9,反应温度为70℃,反应时间为3 h可得到最优性能的磷系阻燃剂。将此阻燃剂用于皮革、棉布和涤纶,当阻燃剂添加量为2 g/L时,对皮革有最佳阻燃效果,极限氧指数达到44.3%;当阻燃剂浓度为8 g/L时,对涤纶有最佳阻燃效果,极限氧指数达到21.8%;当阻燃剂浓度为10 g/L时,对棉布有最佳阻燃效果,极限氧指数达到20.5%。

Phosphorus flame retardant was synthesized by using dimethyl phosphite as acid source,sodium methoxide as catalyst,acrylamide as gas source and urea as carbon source to investigate the effects of the molar ratio of the monomers,the reaction temperature and the reaction time on its properties.The carbon residue rate and the expansion height were evaluation indexes of the flame retardancy.The results showed that:the best performance phosphorus flame retardant was synthesized with the molar ratio of acrylamide to dimethyl phosphite of 1∶0.9,the reaction temperature of 70℃and the reaction time of 3h.The phosphorus flame retardant was applied to leather,cotton and polyester.When the flame retardant content was 2 g/L,it had the best flame retardant effect on leather,with the ultimate oxygen index reaching 44.3%.When the flame retardant concentration was 8 g/L,it had the best flame retardant effect on polyester,with the ultimate oxygen index reaching 21.8%.When the flame retardant concentration was 10 g/L,it had the best flame retardant effect on the cotton cloth,and the ultimate oxygen index reached 20.5%.