二战期间马来亚印度人民族主义运动评析

A Review on the Nationalist Movement of the Malayan Indians during the Second World War

二战期间,马来亚印度人在马来亚掀起了一场旨在解放祖国印度的民族主义运动。但由于马来亚印度人与日本侵略者进行过合作,外界对于如何评析这场民族主义运动一直富有争议。从爆发原因来看,这场运动的兴起是政治、历史、社会、思想等多种因素共同作用的结果,展现了马来亚印度人这一移民群体试图借助外部力量摆脱殖民压迫的理想。从特性来看,这场运动在思想、目标上具有自主性,在实践中却因深受法西斯势力影响而呈现出矛盾性、争议性,折射出马来亚印度人的理想与现实之间的遥远距离。从影响来看,这场运动虽然迟滞了马来亚印度人在马来亚的落地生根,加剧了马来亚族群之间的隔阂,却也推动了印度和马来亚独立运动的发展进程。就结局而言,这场运动以失败告终,也充分反映出马来亚印度人的历史局限性。

During World War II,the Malayan Indians launched a nationalist movement in Malaya aimed at liberating their motherland--India.Because of their cooperation with the Japanese aggressors,the Indian nationalist movement in Malaya has always been controversial.From the cause of its outbreak,the rise of this movement had resulted from combined effects of politics,history,society and thought,which showed the aspiration of the Malayan Indians,as an immigrant group,to get rid of the colonial rule with the help of external forces.From the perspective of feature,this nationalist movement was autonomous in thought and goal,while manifesting contradiction and controversy in practice due to the profound influence by fascist forces,hence reflecting the great disparity between the ideal of the Malayan Indians and the reality.From the point of effect,although the movement profoundly delayed the merge of the Malayan Indians into Malaya and aggravated the estrangement among the Malayan ethnic groups,it did promote the development of the nationalist movement in both India and Malaya.In terms of outcome,the movement ended in failure,reflecting the historical limitations of the Malayan Indians.