美藤果壳提取物降血压功效的研究

Study on Anti-hypertensive Effect of Sacha Inchi Shell Extract

以血管紧张素转化酶(angiotensin converting enzyme,ACE)抑制率为指标,筛选美藤果壳提取物降血压成分的最佳提取溶剂和壳层,并结合自发性高血压大鼠(spontaneously hypertensive rat,SHR)模型,初步评价美藤果壳提取物的降血压功效。体外和体内实验结果表明:以水作为提取溶剂,美藤果壳提取物(sacha inchi shell extract,SISE)的ACE活性抑制率最高,其活性显著高于菊花、银杏提取物等其他天然ACE抑制剂,且高剂量(400 mg/kg·BW)的SISE显著降低了SHR大鼠的血压,给药1 h后SHR大鼠收缩压由166 mmHg显著降低至135 mmHg。结果初步证实了SISE具备降血压功效。急性经口毒性试验表明SISE属于食品级无毒。通过对SISE有效降压成分进行分离,表明其有效降压成分主要集中在正丁醇萃取物中,其萃取物经硅胶柱,氯仿/甲醇梯度洗脱,氯仿/甲醇(7∶3)组分的ACE抑制效果最佳。该研究为进一步开发美藤果壳为天然降血压药物夯实基础。

The present study aimed to screen the optimal extraction solvent and shell parts,and to investigate the anti-hypertensive effect of sacha inchi shell via ACE inhibition in vitro in combination with the spontaneously hypertensive rat(SHR)in vivo. The results of in vitro tests showed that sacha inchi shell water extract(SISE)exhibited the highest angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)inhibition rate,which was significantly higher than other natural ACE inhibitors(chrysanthemum extract and ginkgo biloba extract). The results of in vivo experiments indicated that the blood pressure of SHR were significantly decreased at the high-dose group(400 mg/kg·BW),which decrease the systolic blood pressure of SHR from 166 mmHg to 135 mmHg. The results first confirmed the anti-hypertensive effect of SISE. Acute oral toxicity test showed that SISE was a foodgrade non-toxic. The active ingredients were further separated and the effective anti-hypertensive components were mainly concentrated in n-butanol extracts. This extract was eluted through a silica gel column with a gradient of chloroform/methanol,and the chloroform/methanol(7 ∶ 3)components had the highest inhibition effect of ACE. The present result will provide help in developing sacha inchi shell as novel antihypertensive drugs.