网络越轨行为犯罪化的合理性及界限

Rationality and Limits of Criminalization of Online Deviance

与一般越轨行为相比,网络越轨行为具有独特的属性与危害。但网络越轨行为能否作为犯罪处理,还需考量行为的社会危害性和其他规制手段的有效性。一般来讲,行为的社会危害性可从行为人的主观心态、法益的性质和行为所造成的后果三方面来考察。当前,我国对网络越轨行为的规范性和非规范性控制手段均不能起到规制越轨行为的作用,这也是衡量网络越轨行为能否入罪的因素。从另一个角度来看,对网络越轨行为的入罪要有个合理的限度,即如何平衡公民自由与社会秩序的关系及如何协调刑法与其他部门法的关系。

Compared with the general deviance,network deviance has unique attributes and hazards.However,whether online deviance can be treated as crimes also needs to consider the social harmfulness of the behavior and the effectiveness of other regulatory means.Generally speaking,the social harmfulness of behavior can be examined from three aspects:the subjective mentality of the actor,the nature of legal interests and the consequences caused by the behavior.At present,both normative and non-normative control means of online deviance in China can not play a role in regulating online deviant behavior,which is also a factor to measure whether online deviance can be criminalized.From another perspective,there should be a reasonable limit for the criminalization of online deviance,that is,how to balance the relationship between civil liberty and social order and how to coordinate the relationship between criminal law and other departments.