煤炭开采对红碱淖环境影响及保护对策

Main Environmental Impact of Coal Exploitation on Hongjiannao Lake and Protective Measures

近几十年红碱淖湖区面积历经形成、扩张、稳定、萎缩4个阶段,受过度捕捞、旅游开发等因素影响,红碱淖水环境总体呈恶化趋势。分析了近年煤炭开采对红碱淖流域造成的环境影响,即破坏含水层,疏干地下水,影响红碱淖地下水源补给;高矿化度矿井水排放影响红碱淖流域水质。全面梳理了红碱淖流域现有煤炭资源总体规划及开发态势,系统分析了煤炭资源开发对红碱淖流域水资源挤占和水环境污染的影响,进而给出流域水资源水环境已不能支撑大规模煤炭开发及配套下游产业发展的结论,提出了开展区域战略环评,深化矿区规划环评,落实“三线一单”管控要求,推进战略与规划环评落地的建议。

this paper had reviewed the changes that took place in Hongjiannao Lake in terms of its area, water resources and environmental quality and summarized the main cause for the change, and analyzed the environmental influence of coal mining to Hongjiannao Lake in re cent years. It had then identified the master plan and development status of the current coal mines along Hongjiannao River basin, the influ ence of coal resources development to the water resources occupation and water environment pollution in Hongjiannao basin was analyzed sys tematically, and then the paper had concluded that the water resource and environment of Hongjiannao River basin could not sustain large- scale coal exploitation and relevant downstream industrial development. Therefore, regional strategic Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) should be conducted, planning EIA on coal mines strengthened, “Three Lines and One List” requirements be met and efforts should be intensified to fully implement the strategic EIA and planning EIA.