前坪水库高水头分层取水水温分布研究

Study on Stratified Water Collection in High-Head Qianping Reservoir

高水头大型水库下泄水温对农业灌溉和河流水生态环境影响很大,分析研究高水头水库的水温垂向分布规律及分层取水对放水温度的影响,可以为水库的设计与调控提供科学依据。以前坪水库为研究对象,采用DELFT3D FLOW软件建立其库水温度计算模型,分析了高水头大型水库在分层取水与单层取水两种不同取水方式下的排水温度。该模型选取海洋温度模式,并收集周围气象站的多年平均资料作为背景数据;以水库丰、平、枯、特枯四个典型年份的水文资料为初值条件,上游天然水流入、下游取水出流为边界条件。分析结果表明,采用分层取水方案时,排水温度较为接近自然河水温度,可满足各种作物灌溉需求。

The discharging temperature of large reservoirs with high water head has great influence to the agricultural irrigation and river water ecological environment. Analyzing the vertical distribution law of water temperature and the influence of stratified water intake to the dischar ging temperature can provide scientific basis for the design and regulation of reservoirs. Taking Qianping Reservoir as a research object, the water temperature calculation model was set up by the DELFT3D FLOW software. The model was used to analyze the discharged water tem perature of the high head and large reservoir in two different ways, stratified water intake and single layer water intake. The calculation model selected the ocean temperature model and collected the mean multi year data of the surrounding weather stations as the background data. Hydrological data from four typical years in the Qianping Reservoir, ie, high flow year, normal flow year, low flow year, and especially low flow year were used as initial conditions. The upstream water inflow and downstream water intake were selected as boundary conditions. The a nalysis results show that the temperature of discharged water and natural water are close when adopting the stratified water intake solution, which can meet the needs of crop irrigation.