习惯逆转训练治疗儿童抽动障碍的研究进展

Advances of habit reversal training for children with tic disorder

抽动障碍(tic disorder,TD)是一种多发于儿童期的神经发育障碍性疾病,临床以不自主的运动性和(或)发声性抽动为主要特征,易受到恐惧、应激、焦虑等心理因素影响,常见共病有注意缺陷多动障碍、冲动、强迫等行为问题。针对TD患者的心理行为特点,开展个性化行为干预,可改善抽动症状与患者心理状况,并有效阻断其行为问题导致的不良社会后果。综述行为疗法中应用最为广泛的习惯逆转训练(habit reversal training,HRT)在抽动障碍及其共病中的应用进展,总结当前在我国应用HRT面临的问题。

Tic disorder(TD)is a neurodevelopmental disorder that occurs mostly in childhood.It is characterized by involuntary motility and/or vocal tics.It is affected by psychological factors such as fear,stress,and anxiety.The comorbidity includes attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder,impulsivity,and forced behavior problems.According to the psychological behavior characteristics of TD patients,personalized behavioral intervention can not only improve the tic symptoms and psychological status of patients,but also effectively block the adverse social consequences that may be caused by their behavior problems.This paper reviews the application of the most widely used habit reversal training(HRT)in dysmotility and its comorbidities,and summarizes the problems currently faced in the application of HRT in China.