黄粉虫对三种肉类的转化效果研究

Study on the Conversion Effect of Tenebrio molitor L. Feeding on Three Meats

餐厨垃圾中的肉类成份的利用是其资源化利用的一个难点。本研究利用黄粉虫幼虫杂食性特性,以猪肉、鸡肉、鱼肉三种肉类,与麦麸混合饲喂黄粉虫幼虫,分别探究了三种肉类作为饲料原料制备黄粉虫配方饲料的最佳配比及黄粉虫幼虫对三种肉类转化效率。结果表明:(1)猪肉、鸡肉、鱼肉可作为配方饲料原料的最佳占比均为30%。(2)200头黄粉虫9龄幼虫可处理猪肉配方饲料3.45 g/d可转化黄粉虫虫干0.97 g、虫粪沙2.07 g;处理鸡肉配方饲料3.51 g可转化黄粉虫虫干0.95 g、虫粪沙2.11 g;处理鱼肉饲料配方3.51 g可转化黄粉虫虫干1.02 g、虫粪沙2.18 g。(3)最佳饲料配比条件下,肉类死亡率均高于对照组,且有猪肉组(14.25%±1.48%)>鸡肉组(8.37%±0.55%)>鱼肉组(5.87%±0.85%)。上述结果表明,猪肉、鸡肉、鱼肉均可适量替代麦麸作为黄粉虫幼虫饲料原料,这为餐厨废弃物中肉类以及病死畜禽的资源化处理提供借鉴。

Utilization of meat components in kitchen waste is a difficult problem in its resource utilization. Using the omnivorous characteristics of Tenebrio molitor larvae, three meat materials, pork, chicken and fish, were mixed with wheat bran to feed T. molitor larvae. The optimum ratio of three meat materials to prepare formula feed for T. molitor and the conversion efficiency of T. molitor larvae to three kinds of meat were investigated. The results show that:(1) the best proportion of pork, chicken and fish as feed ingredients was 30%.(2) 200 larvae of the 9 th instar of T. molitor could treat pork formula feed 3.45 g/d and transform into dried T. molitor 0.97 g and dung sand 2.07 g;3.51 g of chicken formula feed could transform into dried T. molitor 0.95 g and dung sand 2.11 g;3.51 g of fish feed formula could transform into dried T.molitor 1.02 g and dung sand 2.18 g.(3) Under the optimum feed ratio, the mortality of meat was higher than that of control group, and the mortality of pork group(14.25%±1.48%), chicken group(8.37%±0.55%) and fish group(5.87%±0.85%). The results showed that pork, chicken and fish could be used as feedstuff for T. molitor larvae instead of wheat bran, which could be used as reference for the resource treatment of meat in kitchen waste and dead livestock and poultry.