爆炸物检测用荧光聚合物材料

Fluorescent Polymer Materials for Detection of Explosives

作为荧光传感材料,荧光聚合物不仅具有传感单元多、荧光亮度高、光稳定性好等特点,而且方便制备荧光传感薄膜,易于实现器件化,在爆炸物荧光检测中得到了广泛的研究与应用。近年来,随着荧光聚合物从传统的线型结构向支化和多孔网络结构的拓展,以及各种功能单元的引入,大量的新型荧光聚合物有效地提升了爆炸物检测的灵敏度、选择性和响应速度等性能。本综述从线型聚合物、支化聚合物、多孔聚合物三类体系出发,总结和评述了用于爆炸物荧光检测的线型共轭与非共轭聚合物、树枝状分子与超支化聚合物、无定形与结晶型多孔聚合物等典型体系的分子结构设计策略、功能特点以及传感性能,并展望了荧光聚合物未来在爆炸物检测应用中所面临的机遇和挑战。

As fluorescent sensing materials,fluorescent polymers not only have many sensing units,high brightness and good light stability,but also facilitate the fabrication of fluorescent sensing films,which are easy to implement devices.Therefore,fluorescent polymers have been widely studied and applied in fluorescence detection of explosives.In recent years,a large number of fluorescent polymers with various functional units have been developed,and their structures have evolved from common linear structures to branched and porous network structures,which have effectively improved the sensitivity,selectivity and response rate of explosive detection.This review is aimed to summarize the research progress on fluorescent polymers used for detection of explosives,including linear polymers,branched polymers and porous polymers.The emphasis of this review is especially focused on the structure design strategies,functional characteristics and sensing performances of typical linear conjugated and non-conjugated polymers,dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers and amorphous and crystalline porous polymers.Finally,the future opportunities and challenges of fluorescent polymers in application of explosive detection are presented.