调控细胞迁移和组织再生的生物材料研究

Biomaterials for Regulating Cell Migration and Tissue Regeneration

组织再生材料为细胞、组织的生长提供必要的物质基础,维持再生组织的形状和力学性能,并实现与周围组织的有机整合。其中,材料-细胞的相互作用是组织再生材料的核心问题。组织再生材料表界面的物理结构和化学性能可以直接影响细胞的黏附、铺展、增殖、迁移和分化等行为,进而影响组织修复和再生的效果。多数组织和器官具有立体结构,并具有更为精细的微结构。因此,三维组织再生材料体系的构建及其微结构调控是另外一个重要问题。本文结合本课题组近年的工作,综合国内外最新研究成果,重点介绍了生物材料表界面物理结构和理化性质对微粒吞噬、细胞黏附的影响、梯度材料对细胞黏附和定向迁移的作用、3D水凝胶中的细胞迁移行为及特点,以及用于皮肤和软骨组织修复与再生的植入材料,最后对生物材料在组织再生中的研究与应用进行了展望。

Regenerative biomaterials provide the necessary substances to support the growth of cells and tissues,maintain the shape and mechanical properties of regenerated tissues,and promote the integration with surrounding tissues.The surfaces and interfaces of biomaterials interact directly with cells and tissues,and thus significantly influencing on many cellular behaviors such as adhesion,spreading,proliferation,migration and differentiation as well as the outcomes of tissue repair and regeneration.Moreover,most tissues and organs possess a 3 dimensional shape with specific microstructures.Therefore,the construction of regenerative biomaterials with a 3 D shape and control over their microstructures are key issues as well.In this review,the recent works on the factors affecting cellular uptake of colloidal particles and cell adhesion are introduced.The adhesion and directional migration of cells mediated by gradient biomaterials are summarized.The latest works on migration of cells into 3 D hydrogels are reviewed.The implantable biomaterials with 3D microstructures for skin and cartilage repair and regeneration are also introduced.Finally,the application and perspectives of biomaterials in tissue regenerative are discussed.