金钱态度问卷在中国大学生中的初步试用

Reliability and Validity of the Money Attitudes Questionnaire in Chinese University Students

目的:考察金钱态度问卷(Money Attitudes Questionnaire, MAQ)在中国大学生中的文化适用性及信效度,并探讨个体特征、家庭经济状况及父母受教育程度等因素对大学生金钱态度的影响。方法:对536名大学生施测金钱态度、幸福感评定及背景信息问卷,通过项目分析及因素分析等方法,对问卷进行结构效度、效标效度和信度检验。结果:金钱态度中文版问卷包含21个项目,分属于成就和成功、储蓄问题、留心和负责任以及权力和地位四个维度。四个维度的内部一致性信度为0.63~0.85,196名被试1个月后的重测信度为0.64~0.80。男生在成就和成功、权力和地位得分更高;大学生个人月花销越高其留心和负责维度得分越低,权力和地位维度得分越高;家庭月收入越高大学生的权力和地位维度得分越高。结论:MAQ中文版具有良好的信效度,可用于测量大学生的金钱态度,性别、个人月花销及家庭月收入是影响大学生金钱态度的重要因素。

Objective: To examine the reliability and validity of the Money Attitudes Questionnaire and explore the impacts of gender, personal monthly expenses and family income on college students’ money attitude in Chinese. Methods:536 college students were investigated by questionnaires about money attitude, well-being and background information.The item analysis and factor analysis were utilized to examine the structure validity, criterion validity and reliability of MAQ. Results: Chinese version of MAQ included 21 items, which belonged to 4 dimensions-achievement and success,saving concerns, mindful and responsible, power and status. The four dimensions had good internal consistency(ranging from 0.630 to 0.847), and modest retest reliability(ranging from 0.643 to 0.795). Male college students scored higher on dimensions of achievement and success, power and status;students with higher monthly expenses scored higher on power and status but scored lower on mindful and responsible;the higher the students’ family income, the higher whose score of power and status. Conclusion: The Chinese version of MAQ has high reliability and validity and can be used to measure money attitude of college students in Chinese. Gender, personal monthly expenses and family income are important factors influencing college students’ money attitude.