父母严厉管教与青少年外化问题行为的关系：青春发育时相与性别的调节作用

Parental Harsh Discipline and Adolescents’ Externalizing Problem Behaviors: The Moderating Role of Puberty Timing

目的:考察父母严厉管教与青少年外化问题行为的关系及青春发育时相与性别在其中的调节作用。方法:采用中文版亲子冲突解决策略量表、青春期发育量表和儿童行为核查量表对632名初中生及其父母进行测查。结果:①母亲心理攻击和体罚可以显著正向预测男生外化问题行为,父亲和母亲心理攻击可以显著正向预测女生外化问题行为;②青春发育时相在父母严厉管教与青少年外化问题行为关系间起调节作用,并且这一调节作用存在性别差异:青春发育时相在母亲心理攻击与男生外化问题行为关系间起缓冲作用,在父亲和母亲体罚与男生外化问题行为关系间起加剧作用,而在父母严厉管教与女生外化问题行为关系间的调节作用不显著。结论:父母严厉管教这一压力性事件与青少年外化问题行为的关系受青少年青春发育调节,这一调节作用模式还因青少年性别和父母严厉管教形式的不同而不同。

Objective: To explore the moderating effects of adolescents’ puberty timing on the relations between parental harsh discipline and adolescents’ externalizing problem behaviors, as well as the potential gender difference in the moderating effect. Methods: Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scales, Pubertal Development Scale and Child Behavior Checklist were administered to 632 adolescents and their parents. Results: ①Maternal psychological aggression and corporal punishment were positively related with boys’ externalizing problem behaviors, and paternal and maternal psychological aggression were positively related with girls’ externalizing problem behaviors. ②Adolescents’ puberty timing moderated the relations between parental harsh discipline and externalizing problem behaviors, and the moderating effects had some gender differences. Specifically, early maturing buffered the relations between maternal psychological aggression and boys’ externalizing problem behaviors and intensified the relations between both parental and maternal corporal punishment and boys’ externalizing problem behaviors, whereas the moderating effects of adolescents’ puberty timing on the relations between parental harsh discipline and girls’ externalizing problem behaviors were not observed. Conclusion: The current study suggests that the relations between parental harsh discipline and adolescents’ externalizing problem behaviors are varied by adolescents’ puberty timing. Furthermore, the moderating effects of adolescents’ puberty timing on the negative outcomes of paternal harsh discipline are not simplistic;it is necessary at least to consider adolescent gender and form of harsh discipline.