学前儿童社会技能与孤独感的交叉滞后分析

Social Skills and Loneliness in Pre-school Children:a Cross-Lagged Analysis

目的:考察学前儿童社会技能和孤独感的发展现状以及在一年中二者之间的相互预测关系。方法:采用学前儿童社会技能量表和孤独感与社交不满问卷对上海市某两所公办幼儿园193名学前儿童进行为期一年的两个阶段纵向问卷调查,并对数据进行方差分析和交叉滞后回归分析。结果:①方差分析结果显示,男孩孤独感得分显著高于女孩,在T2女孩社会技能的得分显著高于男孩;②相关分析结果显示,儿童社会技能与其孤独感显著负相关;③交叉滞后回归分析结果显示,T1社会技能对T2孤独感预测作用显著,T1孤独感对T2社会技能的预测作用不显著。结论:学前儿童社会技能和孤独感存在性别差异,社会技能与孤独感呈显著负相关,学前儿童社会技能能显著预测其孤独感。

Objective: To examine the current development statues of social skills and loneliness as well as their predictive relation within a year. Methods: 193 pre-school children from 2 public kindergartens in Shanghai participated in this one-year longitudinal study. Data was collected by SSTRS and LSDQ and analyzed by ANOVA and cross-lagged analysis.Results: ①The results of ANOVA showed that the score of loneliness in boys was significantly higher than that in girls, and the scores of social skills in Time 2 girls were significantly higher than those in boys;②The correlation analysis showed children’s social skills was negatively associated with loneliness;③The cross-lagged regression analysis revealed that,Time 1 social skills was a significant predictor of Time 2 loneliness, however, Time 1 loneliness was not a significant predictor on Time 2 social skills. Conclusion: There are gender differences in social skills and loneliness in pre-school children.There is a significant negative correlation between social skills and loneliness in pre-school children. Pre-school children’s social skills can significantly predict loneliness within one year.