动作电子游戏经验对视觉注意的积极影响

Positive Impact of Action Video Game Experience on Visual Attention

目的:注意是人类选择与过滤外界刺激,以防止信息加工系统超载的通道控制机制,动作电子游戏需要大量注意,尤其是视觉注意的参与,因此动作类电子游戏对视觉注意能力具有促进作用。方法:对近十年来有关动作电子游戏经验影响视觉注意的研究文献进行综述。结果:动作电子游戏经验在抑制干扰刺激能力、空间注意广度、视觉注意资源容量以及注意的动态恢复能力四方面都对注意功能具有积极影响。结论:动作电子游戏对提升人类认知能力以及改善特殊群体的专业技能或受损功能具有积极作用,但这些作用在一定程度上取决于电子游戏的类别,另外,与之相关的内在机制与神经机制也还有待进一步探讨。

Objective: Attention is an important cognitive function to avoid interference and is necessarily involved in rapidly selecting the target and filtering the redundant distractors among game scenes. A great deal of evidence in past decades has illustrated that attention ability is enhanced for action video games players compared with the non-video game players, and also for the non-video game players who are trained with the action video game for hours relative to the nonvideo game players who with no training. Methods: We reviewed the benefit effects of attention function with respect to the experience of playing action video games. Results: Attention ability was promoted by action video game from the following aspects: the capacity of attentional resources, the ability to suppress distractors, the selective attention on spatial and the dynamic recovery ability in time. Conclusion: Experience of playing action video games promotes the players’ cognitive function and facilitate the professional/impaired abilities for special individuals, but these benefit effects are dependent on the game types to some extent, and their underlying and neural mechanism had to be further clarified.