钽铌矿的选矿技术综述

Summary on Beneficiation Technology of Tantalum-niobium Ores

钽、铌是工业上不可替代的金属,钽铌矿普遍具有品位较低、嵌布粒度细、性脆易碎、矿物组分复杂等特点,选矿工艺往往较复杂。为促进钽铌矿选矿技术的进步,对钽铌矿选矿技术进行了综述,指出钽铌矿的粗选宜以重选工艺为主,精选多采用磁选、浮选、电选工艺;电选工艺主要用于精矿的除杂和综合回收;浮选工艺可以有效地回收钽铌细泥;化学选矿是处理低品位复杂钽铌矿的有效工艺。因此,钽铌矿的选别常采用联合工艺流程。

Tantalum and niobium are industrially irreplaceable metals,the common characteristics with tantalum-niobium ores are low-grade,disseminated fine,brittle and of complex mineral composition,which makes the mineral processing of tantalum-niobium ore more complicated.In order to promote the mineral processing technology of tantalum-niobium ores,the separation methods of tantalum-niobium ore were reviewed.It was pointed out that the gravity separation should be used in the roughing separation of tantalum-niobium ores,and the processes of magnetic separation,flotation and electric separation should be adopted in the cleaning separation.The electric separation is mainly used for impurity removal and comprehensive recovery of concentrate,and the flotation process can effectively recycle the fine mud of tantalum and niobium.The chemical mineral processing is an effective process for the treatment of low-grade complex tantalum-niobium ores.Generally speaking,the combined flowsheet is often used in the separation of tantalum-niobium ores.