甘肃河东地区春季第一场透雨对拔节期冬小麦各个器官的发育影响

The First Spring Saturating Rain in the East of the Yellow River in Gansu:Effect on Wheat Organ Development During the Jointing Period

为探索春季第一场透雨对冬小麦各个器官的发育影响,利用1981—2012年麦积国家标准气象站逐日降水资料,建立了透雨指数。结合天水农业气象站1981—2012年冬小麦生育期观测及各主要物候期各个器官生物量测量资料,分析了透雨指数的逐年变化趋势及透雨参数对拔节期冬小麦各个器官生物量累计的影响。结果表明:1981—2012年,透雨指数呈逐年降低趋势,有31%的年份第一场透雨出现在拔节生育期前。透雨出现的迟早,对拔节期的单株叶面积、叶面积指数、叶片干物重、茎干物重影响较大;透雨的量级对叶鞘干物重、茎干物重、株干物重、单位面积干物重及小穗数影响较大;透雨指数对单株叶面积、叶面积指数、叶片干物重、叶鞘干物重、茎干物重、株干物重及小穗数均有影响。

To explore the influence of the first saturating rain in spring on the development of wheat organs,we set up the index of the first saturating rain with the daily precipitation data from 1981 to 2012 in Maiji National Standard Whether Station.Based on the data of biomass of organs and daily precipitation,the variation trend characteristics of the first saturating rain index and its influence on the wheat organs were analyzed.The results showed that the first saturating rain index had a decreasing trend from 1981 to 2012 and 31%of the first saturating rain in spring appeared before the jointing period.The time of the first saturating rain had significant influence on the leaf area of individual plant,leaf index,biomass of leaf and biomass of stem.The amount of the first saturating rain had significant influence on the biomass of leaf sheath,stem,individual plant and unit area and spikelet number.It also indicated that the first saturating rain index had significant influence on the leaf area of individual plant,leaf index,biomass of leaf,biomass of leaf sheath,biomass of stem,biomass of individual plant and spikelet number of individual plant.