2016-2018年宜宾市50岁及以上新发现艾滋病病毒感染者和患者流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological Characteristics of Newly-Reported HIV/AIDS Patients Aged 50 Years and Older in Yibin City

目的分析宜宾市2016-2018年新报告50岁及以上艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病(AIDS)患者疫情特点和流行特征,为该人群的防控提供数据支撑。方法通过艾滋病防治信息系统收集宜宾市2016-2018年50岁及以上HIV感染者和AIDS患者相关信息,对病例人口学特征、感染途径以及CD4检测结果进行描述性分析和卡方检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果 2016-2018年宜宾市新报告50岁及以上HIV感染者和AIDS患者5 217例,构成比逐年上升,男女性别比为2.51∶1,平均年龄64岁,职业以农民为主(80.39%),婚姻状况以已婚有配偶(47.42%)和离异或丧偶(46.44%)为主;文化程度以小学及以下为主(81.29%);传播途径以异性传播为主(99.46%),男女异性传播构成比均为99.46%;异性传播表现形式以商业性行为为主(64.80%),男性以商业性行为为主(84.92%),女性以非婚非商业为主(60.99%);首次CD4细胞检测结果以小于350个/μl为主(73.33%);各年男性CD4细胞检测结果小于350个/μl的构成比均多于女性。结论宜宾市50岁及以上新报告HIV感染者和AIDS患者疫情发展迅速,已成为艾滋病防控重点人群,应针对该人群流行特点制定针对性防控策略。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of HIV and AIDS patients aged 50 years or older in Yibin from 2016 to 2018 so as to provide scientific evidence for prevention and management for this population. Methods Data of HIV/AIDS patients aged 50 and older in Yibin from2016 to 2018 were collected through the HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control Information System.Sociodemographic characteristics, transmission route and the results of first CD4 cell test of patients aged 50 years and older were analyzed.Results Between 2016 and 2018, 5 217 HIV/AIDS patients aged 50 years and older were identified in Yibin, and the proportion of HIV/AIDS patients aged 50 years and older increased yearly. The ratio between male and female cases was 2.51∶1.The average age of the elderly patients were 64 years old, and the majority(80.39%) were peasants. 47.42% of the aged 50 and older patients were married or own spouse, and 46.44% of patients were divorced or widowed. 81.29% of the elderly patients had a primary school education level or below. Heterosexual transmission(99.46%)was the major route of HIV transmission among the elderly patients. The proportions of heterosexual transmission among male and female patients were both 99.46%. Most of the patients infected HIV through commercial sex(64.80%), and84.92% of the male patients had commercial sex. 60.99% of the female patients infected HIV from non-marital and non-commercial sex. The results of the first CD4 cell test were less than 350 cells/μl in most the patients(73.33%). The ratio of the first CD4 cell test less than 350 cells/μl in male were more than that of the female from. Conclusion The newly-reported HIV/AIDS epidemic spread rapidly among people aged 50 years or above, and this population has become the key crowd of HIV infection. Targeted measures and comprehensive intervention strategies should be tailored to prevent HIV/AIDS among this population.