2009-2018年仁寿县乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析

Epidemic Characteristics of Hepatitis B From 2009 to 2018 in Renshou County

目的通过分析2009-2018年仁寿县乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征,探讨影响发病的因素,探索进一步做好乙肝防控工作的策略方法。方法获取2009-2018年仁寿县乙肝发病资料,通过描述性流行病学方法和卡方检验对其流行特征进行分析。结果 2009-2018年仁寿县共报告乙肝5 073例,年均发病率39.93/10万,不同年份间发病率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=172.08,P<0.05),2013-2018年发病有明显上升趋势(χ^2趋势=134.81,P<0.05)。发病无明显季节性;城区文林镇发病数高于其他乡镇;男性发病率高于女性(χ^2=787.33,P<0.05);发病最多的是20~64岁,占发病总数的82.20%,最少为0~14岁儿童,占发病总数的0.77%;主要人群是农民和待业群体。结论仁寿县乙型病毒性肝炎疫情形势严峻,要继续做好疫苗接种工作以保护易感人群,有效减少乙型病毒性肝炎的感染和发病。

Objective To analyze epidemic characteristics of hepatitis B and its influencing factor in Renshou county so as to provide strategies for prevention.Methods The incidence data of hepatitis B in Renshou county from 2009 to 2018 were collected.Descriptive statistics and chi-square test were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics.Results A total of 5 073 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Renshou county from 2009 to 2018 with an average annual incidence of 39.93/105.The differences of the incidence of hepatitis B in different years were statistically significant(χ2=172.08,P<0.05) and the incidence showed an increasing trend over 10 years(χtrend2=134.81,P<0.05).Seasonal differences were not obvious.The number of cases in Wenlin town was higher than that in other towns.The incidence in men was higher than that in women(χ2=787.33,P<0.05).People aged 40 to 49 years old showed the highest incidence,accounting for 82.20% of the total cases.In contrast,the children aged 0-14 years had the lowest incidence,accounting for 0.77% of the total cases.Most cases were farmers and unemployed groups,accounting for 77.6% of the total number of cases.Conclusion The situation of viral hepatitis B is serious in Renshou county.Vaccination should be continuously strengthened to protect susceptible groups in order to reduce the incidence of viral hepatitis B.