囊型包虫病的治疗现状与进展

The Status and Progress in the Treatment of Cystic Echinococcosis

囊型包虫病是一种人和牲畜感染细粒棘球蚴而引起的人畜共患寄生虫病,俗称包虫病,呈世界性分布。据WHO报道,我国每年为控制包虫病所花的费用超过30亿美元。囊型包虫病的治疗方法要根据器官受累程度、病灶数量、病灶是否与胆道相通,是否存在感染及出血等多种因素,及诊疗机构的具体情况等综合考虑。目前,有4种治疗方案可供借鉴:①手术治疗;②经皮穿刺治疗;③药物治疗;④期待疗法(等待包虫自行失活或死亡)观察和等待。本文分析了各种治疗方法的适应症和优缺点,为合理选择包虫病的治疗方法提供了参考。

Cystic echinococcosis(CE) is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by echinococcus granulosus infection in humans and livestock.It is estimated that the global burden of controlling this disease exceeds three billion US dollars annually by the World Health Organization(WHO).The approach to management and treatment of CE depends on the extent of organ involvement,the number of cysts,presence or absence of cystic-biliary communications and other factors,such as secondary bacterial infection and hemorrhage.Clinical decision-making also depends on medical institutions specific conditions.The ultimate goal of treatment is elimination of the germinal layer.Currently,four treatment options are available:percutaneous puncture treatment,surgery,antiinfective drug treatment or watch and wait.In this paper,the advantages and disadvantages of various treatment methods are analyzed,and references for the rational selection of the treatment of CE are provided.