应国媵器及联姻关系研究

On the Marriage Alliance of the Ying State Revealed in Bronze Inscriptions

史籍当中关于姬姓应国的记载本就极少,至于其联姻关系,更是罕见。根据平顶山应国墓地出土及其他来源铭文材料可知:西周早期到春秋早期,应国的联姻关系始终比较简单,固定,一是与王畿之内的异姓国联姻;二是与同处南土境内的姜姓国联姻•,同时也保持了与王畿之内和南土境内同姓国之间的良好外交关系。唐姒簋及应侯簋反映了应唐交好与应单交好的史实,也是西周时期同姓不婚及媵婚制的见证。应国的这种联姻面貌既与当时的政治地理结构有关,也与周王朝经略南土的举措有关。

Ji(姬)was the family name of the Ying State.There are few documents about the Ying state,not to mention their marriage alliance.According to inscriptions unearthed from the Ying state’s cemetery at Pingdingshan and other sources,the marriage principle of the Ying state was relatively simple and stable from the early Western Zhou dynasty to the early Spring and Autumn period.First,their marriage was with other countries of different family names in the Western Zhou capital and its hinterland.Second,their marriage was with these countries of the family name Jiang in the south of the Western Zhou dynasty.Meanwhile,they maintained a good diplomatic relationship with those countries of the same family name in the Western Zhou capital and its hinterland,as well as those in the south of the Western Zhou dynasty.This kind of marriage alliance of the Ying state rooted in the political and geographical landscape then,which also connected with the Western Zhou mlership expanding into the south.