家庭农场畜禽粪污处理方式及其影响因素分析——基于全国养殖型与种养结合型家庭农场监测数据

Analysis on the Treatment of Livestock and Poultry Manure and Its Influencing Factors in Family Farm and Combination of Planting and Breeding Farm: Based on the Monitoring Data of the Aquaculture and Combination Family Farms in China

利用全国家庭农场3年的监测数据,对从事养殖家庭农场的畜禽粪污处理方式及其影响因素进行分析,研究表明:总体上,将畜禽粪污直接排放的家庭农场比例较低,仅占8.23%,其中种养结合型农场该比例仅为5.89%;将畜禽粪污用作有机肥或饲料的家庭农场比例较高,占比超过65%,其中种养结合型农场该比例更高,占比接近74%;通过描述性统计分析发现,家庭农场总体特征、农场主特征及农场经营特征等与农场畜禽粪污处理方式具有一定的相关性。进一步运用计量模型估计结果显示,种养结合、示范农场、农场主的受教育程度和接受过培训、农场土地面积、农场畜禽产品年销售收入等对从事养殖的家庭农场进行畜禽粪污资源化利用具有显著的正向影响。

By the analysis of livestock and poultry manure treatment and influencing factors of family farms, this paper got the national family farm monitoring data in three years. In general, the proportion of family farms that directly discharge livestock manure is only 8.23%, of which the proportion of the planting and breeding combination farm is only 5.89%. However, the proportion of family farms that use livestock manure as organic fertilizer or feed is higher, accounting for more than 65%, of which the ratio of the planting and breeding combination farms is higher, accounting for nearly 74%. Through descriptive statistical analysis is found that, the overall characteristics of family farms, farmers and management is closely related to the treatment methods of livestock and poultry manure. The results of econometric model estimation show that the combination of breeding, demonstration farm, the education level of farmers, training, farm land area and annual sales income of farm livestock and poultry products have significant positive effects on the utilization of livestock and poultry manure resources in farms.