基于形态学性状构建建兰品种核心种质

Construction of Core Collection of Cymbidium ensifolium Varieties Based on Morphological Traits

以收集的226个建兰品种为材料,依据瓣型分为5组(荷瓣,梅瓣,水仙瓣,奇花,竹叶瓣)。基于27个形态学性状,从总体取样规模(15%,20%,25%,30%)、组内取样比例(简单比例,对数比例,平方根比例,多样性比例)以及组内取样方法(聚类和随机)3个方面研究构建建兰品种核心种质的最佳取样策略,共形成32种取样方案。通过对32种取样方案变异系数变化率(VR)、遗传多样性指数(I)、极差符合率(CR)、表型保留比例(RPR)的对比分析,确定最佳方案,构建初级核心种质。对初级核心种质进行评价与检验,补充聚类过程中丢失的性状,构建最终的核心种质。结果表明,总体规模为25%,组内取样比例采用对数比例,组内取样方法为聚类的取样方案是基于形态学性状构建建兰品种核心种质的最佳策略,通过补充在聚类压缩过程中丢失的"叶片数<2.58 cm"、"萼片宽<0.41 cm"、"叶尾有艺"和"水晶叶艺"4个性状,最终构建包含60个品种的核心种质,表型保留比例达100%,充分代表了226个建兰品种的多样性。本研究对于有效的保存和利用建兰品种资源提供了理论基础,同时为兰科植物种质资源的有效管理及开发利用提供新的思路和方法。

According to the petal type,226 Cymbidium ensifolium varieties were divided into five groups(lotus petal type,plum petal type,narcissus petal type,unusual petal type,bamboo petal type).Based on the data of 27 morphological traits,the optimal sampling strategy for the core collection of C.ensifolium varieties was studied from three aspects:the overall sampling size(15%,20%,25%,30%),the group sampling ratio(simple ratio,logarithmic ratio,square root ratio,diversity ratio)and intra-group sampling method(cluster and random).A total of 32 sampling schemes were formed.The variable rate of coefficient of variation(VR),Shannon-Weaver index(I),rate of coincidence(CR),and phenotypic retention ratio(RPR)of 32 sampling schemes were compared to determine the best sampling strategy to construct the primary core collection.The primary core collection was verified and evaluated,and the final core germplasm was constructed by supplementing the missing traits.The results showed that a sampling strategy with 25%overall sampling size,logarithmic sampling ratio,and clustering sampling method is the best strategy for constructing the core collection of C.ensifolium varieties based on morphological traits.By supplementing the three traits of’Number of blades<2.58 cm’,’Sepal width<0.41 cm’,’Leaf art in tail’and’Leaf art with crystal’,which lost in cluster compression,a primary core collection containing 60 varieties was constructed.It has a phenotypic retention ratio of 100%,which fully represents the diversity of 226 C.ensifolium varieties.This study not only provides a theoretical basis for the effective preservation and utilization of C.ensifolium varieties resources,but also provides new ideas and methods for the effective management and development of orchid germplasm resources.