城市革命：一个理论概念的嬗变研究

Urban Revolution: The Evolution of a Concept

自20世纪早期城市革命作为学术概念提出以来,其内涵经过跨国、跨学科学者的论述不断发展充实,已成为城市研究核心概念之一。澳大利亚考古学家戈登·柴尔德于1930年代首先提出城市革命概念;1970年代法国哲学家和社会学家亨利·列斐伏尔的《城市革命》出版,预言性地提出全面城市化和星球城市化的理论与远景;美国地理学家大卫·哈维在列斐伏尔所论城市权利和城市革命的基础上,分析在21世纪全球资本主义体系下,城市革命作为实现城市权利的手段和实践意义。本文综述三位学者对城市革命里程碑式的定义与论述,比较三者的联系与区别、继承与发展,梳理城市革命理论概念的历史脉络与演变,并提出当下亟须中国城市发展经验证据进一步发展和丰富城市革命理论。

The term of urban revolution,one of the core concepts of urban studies,has been developed by international scholars from multiple disciplines since the early 20th century.It was first coined by V.Gordon Childe,an Australian archeologist,in the 1930s.French philosopher and sociologist Henri Lefebvre’s The Urban Revolution was published in 1970,prophetically stating that society has been completely urbanized and the planetary urbanization is on the horizon.Geographer David Harvey further formulates urban revolution as a means to realize the right to the city under the global capitalism.The popularity of urban revolution does not wane in the 21st century,when urbanization has truly become a planetary phenomenon.This study critically traces the origin and the evolving meanings of urban revolution.It also discusses the implications of China’s phenomenal urban transformation in the past four decades to the theory of urban revolution.