可供性理论在西方环境规划设计中的应用与发展

Application and Development of Affordance Theory in Western Environmental Planning and Design

可供性理论是实现实证型规划设计的生态心理学途径。本文厘清了可供性理论的基本概念及其历史发展;通过回顾自1980年代至今西方环境规划设计对可供性理论的开发运用,发现当前环境可供性研究主要呈现为环境使用者范式和环境功能范式,将主体行为、主体体验、主体个性以及环境属性作为考量可供性的代理概念;通过对当今主流研究方向的分析,发现了社会及文化可供性、负面可供性、潜在可供性三个方面的研究不足。本文希望为可供性理论在中国环境建设中的应用提供参考。

Affordance theory is an ecological psychology approach to implement the evidence-based planning and design in environmental discipline.After a comprehensive demonstration for the notion of affordance,this paper reviewes the applications and development of affordance theory in western environment planning and design studies since 1980s.Result reveales the contemporary environmental affordance research mainly followed the environmental users paradigm and the environmental features paradigm.On the aspect of research perspective,current studies respectively adopted four term:behaviour,experience,personality,and(environmental)attribute,as agential concepts for the measurement of environmental affordance.Referring to the theoretical framework of affordance theory,previous studies have underestimated the sociocultural affordance,negative affordance and potential affordance as three different dimensions.The analysis made in this paper provides an academic reference and suggestion to the implement of affordance theory in Chinese environmental constructions.