济南市平阴县农村成年居民高血压知晓现状及影响因素

Factors influencing awareness of hypertension among rural adults in Pingyin County of Jinan City

目的了解济南市平阴县农村地区高血压知晓现状及其影响因素,为高血压的综合防治工作提供理论依据。方法2017年10月至12月采用整群抽样在济南市平阴县抽取2283名18~90岁的成年农村居民进行问卷调查和体格检查。结果在济南市平阴县调查的2283名成年居民中,高血压患者1489例,高血压粗患病率为65.22%,标化患病率为45.85%。其中知晓自身患有高血压491例,知晓率32.98%。按照性别相同、年龄相差不超过2岁进行1∶1匹配后,482例高血压知晓者成功匹配。单因素条件Logistic回归分析发现,不同睡眠质量、饮酒史、高血压家族史、糖尿病或高血糖既往史、心脑血管疾病既往史、体质量指数、中心性肥胖、自评健康状况的居民高血压知晓率均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,睡眠质量比较差、已经戒酒、有高血压家族史、有糖尿病或高血糖既往史、有心脑血管疾病既往史、超重、肥胖、自评健康状况良好、自评健康状况一般、自评健康状况差的济南市平阴县农村成年居民的高血压知晓率较高(P<0.05)。结论济南市平阴县农村成年居民高血压患病率较高,知晓率较低,高血压已成为危害该地区居民生命健康的重要公共卫生问题,采取有效措施提升该地区高血压的综合管理水平迫在眉睫。

Objective To investigate the awareness rate of hypertension and its influencing factors in rural areas of Pingyin County of Jinan City,and to provide reference for the prevention and control of hypertension.Methods During Oct.and Dec.2017,2283 adult rural residents aged 18-90 years were selected by cluster sampling.They then received a questionnaire survey and physical examination.Results Of the 2283 subjects,1489 were hypertensive.The crude prevalence rate of hypertension was 65.22%,and standardized prevalence rate was 45.85%.Among the hypertensive patients,491 knew that they had hypertension,and the awareness rate was 32.98%.After 1∶1 match was made according to the same gender and age difference of no more than 2 years old,482 hypertension knowers were successfully matched.Univariate Logistic regression analyses showed that the awareness rates of hypertension among subjects with different sleep quality,drinking history,family history of hypertension,history of diabetes,hyperglycemia or cardiocerebrovascular diseases,body mass index,central obesity and self-rated health status were significantly different(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analyses showed that subjects with poor sleep quality,alcohol withdrawal,positive family history of hypertension,positive history of diabetes,hyperglycemia or cardiocerebrovascular diseases,and poor self-rated health status had relatively high awareness rate of hypertension(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension among rural adults in Pingyin County of Jinan City is high,while the awareness rate is low.Hypertension has become an important public health hazard in this area.Effective measures should be taken to improve the comprehensive management of hypertension.