2015—2017年湖南省伤害监测点老年伤害监测结果分析

Surveillance results of elderly injuries reported by surveillance sites in Hunan province, 2015-2017

目的了解湖南省2015-2017年老年人伤害发生情况及流行病学特征,为制定老年人伤害的一级预防提供参考依据。方法收集2015年1月1日-2017年12月31日首次就诊于哨点监测医院的老年伤害病人资料,采用描述流行病学方法统计分析。结果2015-2017年湖南省伤害哨点医院老年监测病例共16151例,城市点13476例(83.44%),农村点2675例(16.56%),男女比例为1.01∶1,老年伤害的发生原因前三位依次为:跌倒/坠落(53.33%),机动车车祸(19.45%),刀/锐器伤(6.70%);随着年龄增长,跌倒/坠落所占比例增长,机动车车祸比例下降。伤害发生地点主要是家中(46.67%)、公路/街道(29.74%)。伤害性质前三位为挫伤/擦伤(35.95%),骨伤(28.66%),锐器伤/咬伤/开放伤(14.89%),伤害的严重程度主要为轻度(58.29%)、中度(36.67%)。结论湖南省2015-2017年老年居民伤害主要以跌倒/坠落、机动车车祸为主,应该制定相应的预防和干预措施以减少老年人伤害的发生。

Objective To investigate the occurrence status and epidemiological characteristics of elderly injuries in Hunan province from 2015 to 2017,and to provide a basis for primary prevention of elderly injuries.Methods We collected the data regarding elderly patients with injuries initially visited in sentinel surveillance hospitals from January 1,2015 to December 31,2017.And then descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data.Results A total of 16,151 elderly cases of injury were monitored in the sentinel surveillance hospitals in Hunan province during 2015-2017,including 13,476(83.44%)cases reported by urban surveillance sites and 2,675(16.56%)cases reported by rural surveillance sites.The ratio of male to female was 1.01∶1.The top three causes of elderly injuries were falls(53.33%),traffic injury by motor vehicles(19.45%)and knife/sharp instrument injury(6.70%).The proportion of falls increased with the increasing age,whereas the proportion of motor vehicle traffic accidents decreased.The injury cases mainly occurred at home(46.67%)and on roads/streets(29.74%).The most common injury was bruise(35.95%),followed by fractures(28.66%)and sharp/bite/open injuries(14.89%).The severities of injuries were mainly mild(58.29%)and moderate(36.67%).Conclusions The major causes of elderly injuries in Hunan province in 2015-2017 were falls and motor vehicle traffic accidents.Corresponding prevention and intervention measures should be formulated to reduce the occurrence of elderly injuries.