碳化钙基炭材料的制备及其在超级电容器中的应用

Synthesis of calcium carbide-based carbon materials and applications in super capacitor

以电石(CaC2)为碳源,通过氧化法合成炭材料(CM),并用氢氧化钾(KOH)进一步活化,制得具有微观细孔结构的活化炭材料(ACM)。利用XRD、Raman、FT-IR测试了CM的结构。利用FESEM、BET、循环伏安法(CV)和恒流充放电(GCD)探究了活化对炭材料结构、形貌和电容性能的影响。结果表明,氧化法制得的CM具有一定程度的石墨化,同时表面发生了部分氧化。活化后炭材料表面呈疏松状,比表面积和总孔容均变大,当活化炭碱比(RCM/KOH)为0.5时,比表面积为1114.3 m^2/g,总孔容达到0.35 cm^3/g。炭碱比活化的炭材料ACM0.5电极在0.64 mol/L的K2SO4电解质溶液中,电流密度为0.5 A/g时,比电容达165.47 F/g,可作为超级电容器的电极材料。

Carbon material(CM)is synthesized by oxidation method with calcium carbide as raw material,and further activated by a chemical method using potassium hydroxide(KOH)as activator to obtain activated carbon material(ACM)with microscopic pore structure.The structure of CM is analyzed by XRD,Raman,and FT-IR.The effects of activation on the structure,morphology and capacitance properties of carbon material are investigated by means of FESEM,BET,cyclic voltammetry(CV)and galvanostatic charge and discharge(GCD).The results show that the CM synthesized by the oxidation method has a certain degree of graphitization and its surface is partly oxidized.ACM’s surface shows a loose shape,with larger specific surface area and total pore volume than CM.The specific surface area and total pore volume of ACM0.5 reaches 1,114.3 m^2·g^-1 and 0.35 cm^3·g^-1,respectively when the carbon material/KOH ratio(RCM/KOH)is 0.5.In a 0.64 mol·L^-1 K2SO4 electrolyte solution,the specific capacitance of ACM0.5 reaches 165.47 F·g^-1 at a current density of 0.5 A·g^-1,which is higher than that of CM electrode prepared by oxidation method,and can be used as an electrode material for super capacitor.