四川广汉龙居寺中殿白蚁危害调查

Investigation on termite damage in the middle hall of Longju Temple in Guanghan City of Sichuang Province

目的了解龙居寺中殿白蚁危害特征、现状及成因,提出白蚁防治对策。方法综合采用人工普查、仪器检查、探孔探查的方法对墙体和垫拱板、中殿建筑及周围环境进行蚁害特征调查,评估蚁害现状,分析蚁害成因,提出白蚁防治原则和防治措施。结果调查对象木材或竹材被白蚁咬噬形成孔洞及沟槽造成不同程度糟朽或残缺,墙体和垫拱板中间骨架蚁害发生率在50%以上,中殿建筑木构件蚁害发生率约为30%,蚁害成因包括建筑自身材料、结构特点、保存环境和周围环境等。结论蚁害已经对壁画载体结构安全构成严重威胁,对建筑木构件形态完整度和结构承载度破坏较为明显。

Objective To investigate the damage characteristic, present status and causes of termite damage in middle hall of Longju Temple, and provide suggestions for termite control. Methods Artificial investigation,instrumental analysis and hole probe were jointly employed in the study. Results The wood and bamboo were decayed or fragmented in different degrees by termite chewing. Damage rate was more than 50% in the middle skeleton of wall and Diangongban. Damage rate was about 30% in the timber members of building. The causes of termite damage included construction material, structural feature, preserve environment and surrounding environment. Conclusion The termite damage has threaten the structure safety of plaster layer seriously,and also destroyed the completeness and structure bearing capacity of timber members clearly.