台湾农药发展现状及其管理借鉴

Development Status of Pesticide in Taiwan and Its Management Reference

【目的/意义】农药在农业生产发展过程中发挥着举足轻重的作用,台湾的高农药使用率、低农药残留量在农药使用效率和农药残留管理上有着不俗的表现。研究台湾农药管理模式可为大陆完善农药管理制度提供对策建议。【方法/过程】通过数据采集、文献査阅等方法,以2013—2017年台湾地区农药单位面积使用总量及历年农药使用增长幅度、农药生产总量、农药输出量等数据为基础,对台湾地区农药发展现状进行定量分析。【结果/结论】研究发现,台湾主要采取安全用药教育和农药残留监测双管齐下的管理政策,台湾当局在技术层面、监测机制、制定政策上拥有领先优势,据此提出大陆完善农药管理制度应做到重视技术研究,加强法制监管,加大农药宣传。

【Objective/Meaning】The pesticides have played an important role in the development of agricultural production.The high pesticide utilization rate and low pesticide residue in Taiwan had remarkable performance in pesticide use efficiency and pesticide residue management.The study on the pesticide management mode in Taiwan provided some countermeasures for the improvement of pesticide management system in the Chinese mainland.【Methods/Procedures】By using the methods of data collection and literature review,the current development situation of pesticides in Taiwan was quantitatively analyzed based on the data such as the total amount of pesticides used per unit area,the growth rate of pesticides used in previous years*the total production and output of pesticide in Taiwan from 2013 to 2017.【Results/Conclusions】It was found that Taiwan mainly adopted the management policy of safe drug use education and pesticide residue monitoring,and the authorities of Taiwan had a leading superiority in terms of technical level,monitoring mechanism and legislation formulation.On the basis,the countermeasures were put forward including attaching importance to technical research,strengthening legal supervision and increasing pesticide publicity,in order to improve the management system of pesticide in China's Mainland.