基于土地利用变化的福州市生态风险评价

Ecological Risk Assessment of Fuzhou City Based on Land-use Change

【目的/意义】福州市对“生态文明建设”工作逐步重视并采取了诸多保护城市生态环境的措施,为探讨快速城市化进程背景下土地利用变化对城市生态环境造成的风险,文章通过探究福州市不同土地利用变化带来的生态风险,为城市发展提出相应的调整建议。【方法/过程】以福州市2001—2017年土地利用变更数据为基础,通过信息熵和生态风险评价的分析方法,对福州市土地利用变化和生态风险进行定量研究。【结果/结论】结果表明:耕地、林地和建设用地面积占福州市总面积的80%以上,建设用地面积不断增加,未利用地面积递减最为明显;信息熵值呈现缓慢上升趋势,表明福州在2001—2017年间土地利用有序度表现为有序向无序的过渡;生态风险指数在2001—2017年间递减趋势明显,与信息熵值变化呈负相关,说明福州市生态建设取得了显著成果。

【Objective/Meaning】Fuzhou City has attached great importance to the construction of ecological civilization step by step and taken many protection measures for protecting the urban ecological environment.In order to study the risk brought by land-use change to the urban ecological environment under the background of rapid urbanization process,the ecological risks brought by different land-use changes in Fuzhou City were explored to put forward the corresponding adjustment suggestions for the urban development.【Methods/Procedures】Based on the data of land-use change in Fuzhou from 2001 to 2017,the quantitative research was conducted on land-use change and ecological risk of Fuzhou through the analysis methods of information entropy and ecological risk assessment.【Results/Conclusions】The results showed that the area of cultivated land,forest land and construction land accounted for more than 80%of the total area of Fuzhou,and the area of construction land kept increasing,while the area of unused land decreased most obviously.The information entropy showed a slow rising trend,indicating that the order degree of land use in Fuzhou from 2001 to 2017 was a transition from order to disorder.And the ecological risk index had an obvious decreasing trend from 2001 to 2017 and was negatively correlated with the change of information entropy,indicating that the ecological construction in Fuzhou had achieved remarkable results.