基于微波测量技术的脑出血与脑缺血性卒中鉴别实验研究

Identification of the stroke type of hemorrhage and ischemic based on microwave measurement technique

目的搭建微波散射参数采集系统,检测脑出血和脑缺血动物模型,研究2种卒中类型的非接触快速鉴别方法。方法选取家兔进行造模,其中脑出血组8只,采用自体血注入造模;脑缺血组6只,采用双侧颈总动脉夹闭加股动脉放血方法造模。测量激励信号源扫描频带范围为300 kHz^3 GHz,中频带宽为30 kHz。采集S21相位,并对采集到的微波散射信号分别进行均值滤波、主成分分析降维、均值聚类与最近邻分析,实现卒中类型的鉴别。结果微波散射测量的方法能反应脑出血和脑缺血的变化,其中S21相位随出血量的增加而降低,随缺血时长的增加而升高。鉴别实验结果表明,14只模型全部得到正确鉴别。结论基于微波散射测量的脑卒中鉴别系统能够有效区分兔脑出血模型和缺血模型,该技术成本低、便携无创、操作简单、测量快速,是一种有前景的院前脑卒中类型鉴别方法。

Objective To establish a microwave scattering parameter acquisition system to detect cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral ischemia animal models,and to study the non-contact rapid identification methods for the two stroke types.Methods Rabbits were selected for modeling.Eight rabbits in the cerebral hemorrhage group were injected with autologous blood.Six rabbits in the cerebral ischemia group were treated with bilateral common carotid artery clamping and femoral artery bleeding.The measurement excitation source has a scanning frequency range of 300 kHz to 3 GHz and an intermediate frequency bandwidth of 30 kHz.The signal of the S21 phase was acquired.The collected microwave scattering signals were subjected to mean filtering,principal component analysis dimension reduction,and mean clustering and nearest neighbor analysis to realize the identification of stroke types.Results The microwave scattering measurement method can reflect the changes of cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral ischemia.The phase of S21 decreases with the increase of blood loss and increases with the increase of ischemic duration.The results of the differential experiment showed that all 14 models were correctly identified.Conclusions The stroke identification system based on microwave scattering measurement can effectively distinguish rabbit cerebral hemorrhage model and ischemic model.This technology is low cost,portable non-invasive,simple operation and fast,which make it be a promising method for identifying pre-hospital stroke types.