2015-2018年佳木斯地区手足口病发病特征分析

Analysis on the characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease in Jiamusi region from 2015 to 2018

目的 分析手足口病在佳木斯地区流行特征,为防控工作部署及手足口病疫情预测、预警提供参考依据。方法 自中国疾病预防控制信息系统获取相关数据,使用Excel 2003和SPSS 20.0软件进行数据整理和分析,利用描述和分析流行病学方法对发病特征进行讨论。结果 2018年佳木斯地区手足口病发病率最高为41.40/10万,城区手足口病平均发病率最高(38.41/10万),手足口病发病具有明显季节性,1~4岁儿童发病人数占总发病人数的74.37%,Cox A16感染病例共635例,占比38.25%,为主要感染亚型。人群对手足口病普遍易感。结论 手足口病儿童多发,季节性明显,区域差别较大。加强健康宣传,重视对儿童家长的健康宣教,建立学校、家长、儿童多层级手足口病防控体系。加强对重点人群、重点场所的监测、指导力度,有效降低手足口病发病率。

Objective To analyze and understand the epidemic characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)in Jiamusi region,so as to provide reference for the deployment of prevention and control and the prediction and early warning of HFMD.Methods Data were collected from China disease prevention and control information system,and analyzed by using Excel2003 and SPSS 20.0 software.The characteristics of the disease were discussed by descriptive and analytical epidemiological methods.Results The highest incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease was in 2018(41.40/100,000),and the highest average incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease was(38.41/100,000)in urban areas.The incidence of hand-foot-mouth disease was obviously seasonal,and the number of children aged 1-4 years accounted for 74.37%of the total incidence.Cox A16 was the main subtype of infection,which accounting for 38.25%(635)of the total infection cases.The whole population is generally susceptible to hand,foot and mouth disease.Conclusions Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)is commonly occurs in children,with obvious seasonal and regional distribution.We should strengthen health publicity,attach importance to health education for parents of children,and establish a multi-level HFMD prevention and control system for schools,parents and children to prevent the epidemic of the disease.We also should strengthen monitoring and guidance for key groups and places to effectively reduce the incidence of hand,foot and mouth disease.