女性冠心病合并低骨密度患者动态心电图特征分析

Analysis of dynamic electrocardiogram characteristics in female patients with coronary heart disease and low bone mineral density

目的分析女性冠心病合并低骨密度患者的动态心电图特征。方法将2017年1月~2018年9月我院收治的绝经后女性冠心病患者112例作为观察组,另选取同期在我院进行常规体检的106例非冠心病绝经后女性患者作为对照组,所有参与本次研究的人员均采用双能X线骨密度仪测定腰椎前后L1~4及左侧股骨颈、左侧髋关节骨密度,并进行24h动态心电图检查,记录两组骨密度测定结果、异常心电图的分型及心率变异性指标。结果观察组有87例低骨量患者,对照组有66例低骨量患者,两组对比差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);两组患者心律失常发生率、缺血性ST-T改变发生率差异有统计学意义(p<0.05);观察组心率变异性较对照组下降,差异有统计学意义(p<0.05)。结论女性冠心病患者低骨密度发生率和心律失常发生率更高,心率变异性下降更明显,在这一人群中应尽早进行骨密度检测并加以预防,可降低低骨密度发生率,预防骨折,改善患者远期生活质量。

Objective To analyze the dynamic electrocardiogram characteristics in female patients with coronary heart disease(CHD) complicated with low bone mineral density(BMD). Methods 112 female CHD patients admitted into our hospital from January 2017 to September 2018 were selected as observation group, and 106 cases of non CHD with health examination were selected as control group. The anterior and posterior lumbar vertebrae L1~4, the left femoral neck and the left hip bone mineral density of all selected cases were detected by Lunar Prodigy dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). All the cases received 24 hour dynamic electrocardiogram. The results of bone density and incidence of low bone density were compared between the two groups. The type and distributions of abnormal ECG and heart rate variability(HRV) were analyzed. Results There were 87 cases of low BMD in the observation group, 66 cases in control group with significant difference between the two groups(p<0.05);The significant differences were found in the comparison of the incidence rate of cardiac arrhythmia, ischemic ST-T changes and heart rate variability between the two groups(p<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of low bone density and cardiac arrhythmia in female CHD patients significantly increases, and their heart rate variability decreases significantly. It should be advocated that the female CHD patients should take the bone mineral density test as early as possible in order to decrease the incidence of low BMD and arrhythmia, to prevent bone fractures, and to improve their life qualities.