潘錫恩與清史《文苑傳》第一次稿

Pan Xi'en And the First Draft of Collected Biographies of Scholars from Literary Circles of the Qing Dynasty

纂修官潘錫恩對清史《文苑傳》第一次稿有重大貢獻,但以前學界未有關注。潘錫恩在道光二年至三年間,纂輯了清史《文苑傳》的十四個正傳,幾達該書第一次稿正傳數量的三分之一,對該稿的成書意義重大。潘錫恩對《文苑傳》的論述也有重要貢獻,本文討論了他在詩學史和史學兩方面工作。潘氏幫助書寫了《文苑傳》詩學主幹,確立了以王士禎爲中心的順康詩學史論述主線,確定了《文苑傳》的詩學史記载開端,並延伸到雍正乾隆朝。在此過程中他强化了《文苑傳》所記清朝詩學特色,記栽了崇宋詩潮流的興起。潘錫恩通過纂輯《谷應泰傳》等幾個傳記,建立了《文苑傳》的史學板塊,以《明史》纂修爲線索,凸顯了清代史學的特色。

Compiling Officer Pan Xi’en had made great rontriluitions to first draft of Collected Biographies of Scholars from Literary Circles of the Qing Dynasty to which the academic circles have never paid attention.Base on relevant archives,this article aims to take a deeper look at Pan’s work and its value.Pan compiled fourteen biographies of Collected Biographies of Scholars from Literary Circles of the Qing Dynasty between 1822 and 1823.The fourteen biographies accout for almost one third of the personages of the book,and contrihute greatly to the completion of the work.Also,Pan Xi-en made important contributions to the literary exposition.This paper discusses the significance of his work in the history of poetics and historiography.Pan helped write the poetic backbone of Collected Biographies of Scholars from Literary Circles.He established the main line of poetic history of Emperor Shunzhi and Kangxi's Period witli Wang Shizhen as the center,confirming the beginning of the poetic history record of Qing Dynasty,and extended it to the Emperor Yongzheng and Qianlong Period.In this process,Pan strengthened the characteristics of poetics of Qing Dynasty,and recorded the rise of the trend of worshipping Song Dynasty poetry.Pan Xi-en edited the historical section of Collected Biographies of Scholars from Literary Circles by compiling several biographies including Gu Yingtai.This section takes the compilation of Ming History as a clue and highlights some characteristics of Qing Dynasty historiography.