法祖宗、裨治体：宋代圣政编纂与经筵讲读

Imitating Ancestors and Perfecting Governance:The Compilation of Shengzheng and the Court Lectures in the Song Dynasty

在宋人视野中,圣政是皇帝汲取治世经验的源泉,是帮助皇帝解决本朝治道困境的一副良药。皇帝阅览学习圣政,可以起到法祖宗、宏治道、正得失、裨治体的作用。宋人的这种认识,促使宋真宗之后历代不断续修圣政。据史可知的圣政共有16部,且其中若干部或以节钞本而冠以其他书名,或以合刊本的形式在社会上传播。宋廷重视和大规模开展圣政的编纂,为经筵活动中讲读圣政提供了教材,从而使圣政在经筵活动中广泛使用,成为宋代帝王之学中不可或缺的一部分。经筵讲读圣政成为宋代不容偏废的优良传统,这种传统进一步促进了圣政的大规模编纂。

In the Song Dynasty,Shengzheng(Divine Governance) provided good governing precedents to the emperors and helped them solve problems. By studying Shengzheng,emperors imitated and learned from ancestors,enriched governing methods,distinguished the gains and losses and perfected their governance. The effectiveness of Shengzheng encouraged the court to compile successive volumes after Emperor Zhen Zong’s reign. There were a total of 16 Shengzheng documents,some of which had different titles. The Shengzheng documents functioned as textbooks for Jingyan(court lectures) and became an indispensable part of emperors’ studies in the Song Dynasty. Court lectures in turn promoted the larger-scale compilation of Shengzheng.