五指山地区儿童唇腭裂的发病情况及临床特点分析

Analysis the incidence rate and clinical characteristics in Sanya area of children with cleft lip and palate

目的了解五指山地区儿童唇腭裂的发病情况及临床特点,进一步为区域性唇腭裂的防治提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析2017年09月至2018年09月在海南省第二人民医院0~14岁儿童出生缺陷的临床资料。结果五指山地区儿童唇腭裂的发病率约1.02%(36/3545)。其中,唇裂8例,腭裂9例及唇腭裂19例;男性24例,女性12例,男/女约2.00;城镇户口7例,乡村户口29例,城/乡约0.24;并发先天性心脏病2例(5.56%)、外耳畸形1例(2.78%)及多指畸形1例(2.78%),有家族遗传史4例(11.11%),早孕期内感冒史15例(41.67%),母亲文化程度高中及以下者30例(83.33%),大专及以上仅有6例(16.67%)。结论五指山地区儿童唇腭裂的发病率约1.02%。其中,男女及城乡之间的分布情况存在较大的差异性,除家族遗传因素以外,怀孕期合并症、文化程度、生活环境等也是独立的高危因素,加强孕妇孕期的预防保健工作力度是预防本地区儿童唇腭裂的有效手段。

Objective:To study the incidence and clinical characteristics in Wuzhishan area of children with cleft lip and palate so that to provide theoretical basis for prevention and control regional of cleft lip and palate.Methods:The clinical data between Septembe 2017 to Septembe 2018 in The People’s Hospital of Hainan Second on birth defects in 0~14 years old children were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The incidence rate of cleft lip and palate for Sanya area is 1.02%(36/3545).Among them,8 cases of cleft lip,9 cases of cleft palate and 19 cases of cleft lip and palate.Men 24 cases and women 12 cases,which was men/women about 2.00.And 7 cases of urban registered permanent residence and 29 cases of rural registered permanent residence,which was U/R about 0.24.And 2 cases of congenital heart disease,1 cases of outer ear malformation and a polydactyly.There were 4 cases had a history of family and 15 cases pregnancy period had a history of cold.30 cases of high school level of education and below but college degree and above 6 cases only.Conclusion:The incidence rate of cleft lip and palate for Wuzhishan area is 1.02%.Among them,the distribution of men/women and between rural and urban areas there are a big difference.In addition to the family genetic factor,pregnancy complications educational level and living environment can be independent risk factors.Therefore,strengthen the prevention health care work of pregnant women during pregnancy is the effective measure to prevent the region’s children cleft lip and palate.