中美重症监护住院药师培训项目比较分析

Analysis on the training programs of intensive care resident pharmacists in China and the United States

目的:比较中美两国重症监护住院临床药师培训项目现状,为我国重症监护临床药师规范化培训提供借鉴。方法:检索美国卫生系统药师协会(American Society of Health-System Pharmacists,ASHP)网站、中国医院协会网站及培训点官方网站数据信息,系统收集重症监护住院临床药师培训项目的培训机构类型、具体培训内容等资料和数据,采用Excel 2016对数据进行统计分析。结果:截至2019年1月,ASHP共有重症监护住院药师培训项目145个,可供申请的岗位数量179个。每个培训机构按照ASHP的要求制订了详细的培训大纲,涉及专业水平、沟通技能、科研思路、教学能力及领导力多方面培养。我国共有ICU临床药师培训点30个,岗位数量为82个。各培训机构尚未形成详细的培训大纲。结论:美国重症监护住院药师培训的设置更为规范、成熟,对我国重症监护临床药师培训项目的项目设计、技能培养、带教模式、考核评价方式的提高具有参考价值。

Objective:To explore the current situation of intensive care resident clinical pharmacists training program in China and the United States,and to provide a reference for standardized training of clinical pharmacists in intensive care in China.Methods:The updated data of intensive care resident clinical pharmacists training program from the website of American Society of Health-System Pharmacists(ASHP),Chinese Hospital Association,and each official websites were systematically collected and analyzed by Excel 2016,including the types of training institutions,specific training contents,etc.Results:As of January 2019,ASHP has a total of 145 intensive care resident pharmacists training program,and 179 positions available for application.Each institution has formulated a training program as per ASHP,involving the training of professionalism,communication skills,research capability,teaching ability and leadership.There are 30 intensive care resident pharmacists programs centers in China,with 82 positions.No detailed training program has been prepared for each training institution.Conclusion:Intensive care resident pharmacists program in the United States are more standardized and mature.It provide a reference to improve the project design,skills training,teaching,assessment and evaluation method of intensive care resident pharmacists in China.