针筒式乳头凹陷矫正器的临床应用效果

Clinical application effects of syringe nipple depression appliance

目的 探讨自制针筒式乳头凹陷矫正器的应用效果及对乳头凹陷产妇母乳喂养的影响.方法 抽取2015年7月-2018年12月上海市第六人民医院产科病房诊治的108例乳头凹陷产妇,以随机数字表法分为Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组,各54例.两组均给予常规护理干预,在此基础上Ⅰ组应用自制针筒式乳头凹陷矫正器,Ⅱ组应用辅助乳头法(吸乳贴辅助婴儿吸吮).统计两组产妇的母乳喂养成功率、不同阶段纯母乳喂养率及乳房并发症发生情况,并评价母乳喂哺舒适度与自我效能感.结果两组产妇乳头凹陷矫正率、母乳喂养成功率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但随访发现Ⅰ组产妇产后42、90 d的纯母乳喂养率明显高于Ⅱ组,乳房并发症发生率明显低于Ⅱ组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组产妇出院时的母乳喂哺舒适度、母乳喂养自我效能评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);随访发现Ⅰ组产妇产后42、90 d时的母乳喂哺舒适度评分低于Ⅱ组,母乳喂养自我效能感得分高于Ⅱ组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论针筒式乳头凹陷矫正器能够有效提高乳头凹陷产妇母乳喂养率,减少乳房并发症,提升母乳喂养舒适度、自我效能感,值得推广应用.

Objective To explore the application effect of self-made syringe nipple depression appliance and its influence on breastfeeding of nipple depression puerperae. Methods A total of 108 nipple depression puerperae who were hospitalized at Obstetric Ward of the Sixth People's Hospital in Shanghai from July 2015 to December 2018 were enrolled. They were divided into group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ by random number table method, with 54 cases in each group. All were given routine nursing intervention. On this basis, group Ⅰwas treated with self-made syringe nipple depression appliance, while group Ⅱ was treated with auxiliary nipple method (sucking breast pasty for assisting infant sucking). The success rates of breastfeeding, pure breastfeeding rate and occurrence of breast complications in different stages in the two groups were statistically analyzed. The breastfeeding comfort and self-efficacy were evaluated. Results There was no significant difference in success rate of correction rate of nipple depression and breastfeeding between the two groups (P> 0.05). However, it was found in the follow-up that pure breastfeeding rates in groupⅠ were significantly higher than those in groupⅡ, and the incidence of breast complication was significantly lower than that in groupⅡ at 42 d and 90 d after delivery, the differences were statistically significant (P< 0.05). At discharge, there was no significant difference in breastfeeding comfort or breastfeeding self-efficacy score between the two groups (P>0.05). It was found in the follow-up that the breastfeeding comfort scores in groupⅠ were significantly lower than those in group Ⅱ at 42 d and 90 d after delivery, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The self-efficacy scores of breastfeeding in groupⅠ were significantly higher than those in groupⅡ at 42 d and 90 d after delivery, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusions Syringe nipple depression appliance can effectively improve breastfeeding rates of nipple depression puerperae, reduce breast complications and improve breastfeeding comfort and self-efficacy.